The Field Of Psychology And Its Effect On Student s...

The field of psychology has only seen an increase in evidence based practice since the 1990s. This is surprising given its lengthy history in many other fields. The American Psychological Association s (APA) division 12 Task Force is focused on empirically tested practices and ways to implement scientific research practices to the field of psychology. Evidence based practice (EBP) today is seen in many disciplines including the educational system. This was based on the notion that empirically supported interventions are highly successful; therefore, implementation in schools is essential. Evidence based practice is widely accepted and enforced in schools due to its importance in implementing changes to improve student s academic, social and emotional progress. EBP is the integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences (apa.org). Evidence based intervention (EBI) involves two distinct principles. First, when implementing an intervention the dynamics should be based on empirically supported research that has shown efficacy and relevance to the student or client in the given situation. Second, to be considered EBP, after the implementation of the intervention there should be continuous monitoring and data collection to ensure that the desired or targeted effect has been attained. Practitioners and school personnel are able to collaboratively utilize these empirically supported data toShow MoreRelatedPsychology : A Human s Mind1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe foundation to a human s mind is based on the principals both taught into and gathered from experiences as a child. As children grow older, they soon start deciphering this information to decide for themselves which of their actions are right and wrong. What draws me to study psychology is this mental processing, and how it affects a person s current and future character; particularly children. Childhood is a stage when a person s individual identity begins to form; Children, more so than anyRead MoreResearch Proposal On Stereotype Threat2288 Words   |  10 Pages 1 KirtmanNPSY7103-8 NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Student: Nisaa Kirtman PSY7103 ACKERMAN RESEARCH METHODS 8 (Quantitative Research Proposal) Faculty Use Only Quantitative research proposal on stereotype threat: Evaluation of online supportive website Problem Statement Stereotype threat, or the fear of being judged through the lens of a negative stereotype, has been shown to hurt one’s performance (SpencerRead MoreThe Effects Of Sports On Student Students3637 Words   |  15 Pages Being athlete student and participating in sports affects the student in different ways Abdullah Alshammari ELS Cincinnati Instructor Molly Brody Abstract This paper examines how participating and taking part in sports can influence on students in either positive or negative way. Sports and education form an integral part of a student s life. The importance of academics cannot be ignored in the life of a student athlete. It is therefore Read MoreEducational Attainment And Mental Ability3126 Words   |  13 Pagesintellectual level, the improvement of psychosocial health, the development of the ability to navigate in the global flow of information as well as the training of informed decision-making. With the development of society and scientific and technological progress of mankind has created all the new tools and methods for collecting, storing, transmitting information. But the most important processes in information - processing and purposeful transformation of information - always carried out exclusively byRead MoreThe Term Global Self Worth Essay2027 Words   |  9 Pagesstudent’s perceptions of competence in academic and nonacademic (such as social, behavioural, and athletic) domains and is best represented by a profile of self-perceptions across domains (Manning, Bear, Minke, 2006). Self-esteem or global sel f-worth is a person’s overall evaluation of him or herself, which includes feelings of general happiness and satisfaction (Harter, 1999). One of the most persistent confrontations among parents and teachers are uneven academic achievement and self-discipline amongRead MoreOrganisational Behaviour: Cognitive Emotional Intelligence2492 Words   |  10 PagesSTUDENT DETAILS [pic] ACAP Student ID: 196843 Name: Giuseppina Wolfram Course: Bachelor of Applied Social Science ASSESSMENT DETAILS [pic] Unit/Module: Organisational Behaviour Educator: Jacqueline Campbell Assessment Name: Academic Essay: Cognitive Emotional intelligence Assessment Number: 1 Term Year: Term 2, 2012 Word Count: 1,892 DECLARATION I declare that this assessment is my own work, based on my own personal research/study. I also declare thatRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )2224 Words   |  9 Pagesrelevance of the topic in educational studies as well as best pedagogical practices that should be adopted by educators to ensure that the needs of all students with ADHD are met. Also known as a highly controversial disorder because of how it should be categorized and treated. It still continues to have an enormous impact on the academic and social success of children within schools. Historically, the disorder was called hyperkinetic impulse disorder until the name was changed to Attention DeficitRead MoreA Study on Homogeneous Sectioning3537 Words   |  15 PagesA Study On The High School Sectioning System The 4th Year Students’ Perspectives Submitted By: Darren Xavier T. Lucenario IV- St. Francis Submitted To: Ms. Jean Victoria Malenab January 7,2013 Table Of Contents Title Page 1 Table of Contents 2 I. Introduction a. Introductory Part b. Topic c. Definition of Terms II. Significance of the Study III. Research Proper a. Data, Papers, Researches, and Other Information Gathered IV. Advantages and Disadvantages Read MoreEffect of Broken Home19368 Words   |  78 PagesAcademic Perfomance of Students Coming from Broken Homes CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study: Broken homes are experience by some of the students not only with those in poverty line families but same goes to middle and higher class families. Parents chose to live separately regardless how their children feel and its impact to their lives, however, there are still parents in spite of the situation still supports and care of their children in their studies, and others. It is worthy toRead MoreApplication of Observational Learning6241 Words   |  25 Pageshave to adopt a constructivist instructional design model. Different teaching strategies may have to combine. In any case, learning theories play explicitly or implicitly a major role in instructional design models and the educational technology field. Conversely, we may argue that no instructional model and no technology is innocent. They all view learning in certain way, i.e. from a very practical point of view they put constraints on what kinds of learning they support. Major schools of thought:

Jamaican Sugar Plantations Essay - 1417 Words

Jamaican Sugar Plantations When beginning to discuss sugar plantations in Jamaica, the word slavery comes to mind. This thought occurs because of the crucial role that the slaves played in attempting to make these plantations successful. During the 18th century, the so-called sugar colonies were the most valuable possessions of overseas empires (Floyd, 38). Sugar plantations produced money for not only the economy of Jamaica, but for their motherland England as well. Essentially these plantations were created because the aristocrats in Europe needed something to sweeten all of their drinks. However, with lack of space in Europe, the wealthy decided that plantations would flourish in Jamaica. Despite the success of these†¦show more content†¦In 1673, there were roughly 9,500 slaves in Jamaica. However, by 1754, over nine time as many slaves resided in the same region. To further explain the exploitation of slavery, one can see over 200,000 slaves in Jamaica by the end of 1775. While these numbers expla in the prominence of sugar in Jamaica, one must wonder why so many slaves were needed to produce sugar. The production of sugar was not a simple one and consequently required the work of many slaves. A Jamaican sugar estate of 500-1000 acres might require around 250 hands in field and factory (Floyd, 38). Because plantations relied on so many different slaves, the treatment they received was quite horrendous. The whole system became quite degrading as slaves were often sold off as cattle and the strongest slave would often cost the most money. At the market, the physical qualities of both male and female slaves were critically appraised, as in a modern livestock market (Floyd, 39). Once assigned to a specific plantation, strength, size, age, and sex grouped slaves. Because of the many different jobs that are needed in the production of sugar cane, all slaves were of the utmost importance. The heaviest and strongest men and women were designated to clear the land and then plant the sugar cane. The next group of people according to the slave societies hierarchical guide is the teenagers who were given less burdensome tasks such as de-weeding the fields. Although this required less physical exertion,Show MoreRelated History of Jamaica Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesJamaica on May 5, 1494, one year after he heard of the existence of the island. However, the true history of Jamaica begins wit h the African-Jamaican people who came to the island twenty years after the English took control from the Spaniards. The history of Jamaica can be broken up into different time periods, which were defined by watershed moments or events. Jamaican history begins with the establishment of the native islanders called the Tainos who inhabited the island for hundreds of years before theRead More The Caribbean’s Cultural History Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagesexploration and discoveries by Columbus that further led to the exploitation of the newfound colonies and its native people. But without this exploitation, the Caribbean would not be as rich in culture as it is today. For instance, Puerto Ricans, Jamaicans, and Dominicans would not be who they are today if Columbus would not have conquered the indigenous people of the island, and set off the proceeding sequence of events. Eventually during the slave trading period, the exploitation expanded into AfricaRead MoreEssay on Jamaic a: History, Government, People, Religion1238 Words   |  5 Pagesthis extreme area are high plateaus, underground caverns, and deep circular basins. This area is what the local people call â€Å"cockpits† (Encyclopedia Americana, 2001, P 670). The highest point in Jamaica is Blue Mountain Peak which stands 7,402 feet. Jamaican climate is tropical, with average temperatures ranging from 80-100 degrees Fahrenheit. The capital of Jamaica is Kingston.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The history of Jamaica is extremely jaded with disease, buccaneering, and slavery. First discovered by Europeans inRead MoreJamaican History Essay1309 Words   |  6 Pagesthis extreme area are high plateaus, underground caverns, and deep circular basins. This area is what the local people call cockpits (Encyclopedia Americana, 2001, P 670). The highest point in Jamaica is Blue Mountain Peak which stands 7,402 feet. Jamaican climate is tropical, with average temperatures ranging from 80-100 degrees Fahrenheit. The capital of Jamaica is Kingston. The history of Jamaica is extremely jaded with disease, buccaneering, and slavery. First discovered by Europeans in 1494Read MoreDehumanization of Enslaved Africans in Jamaica 2035 Words   |  9 Pagesthe lack of public rights. In the start of the eighteenth century, Jamaica was abounded with sugar plantations. 40,000 slaves dwarfed in numbers the seven thousand British inhabitants of Jamaica (Higman p 35). The sugar production became more abundant from the start of the eighteenth century to the end of the century. Seventy sugar plantations grew to 680 from 1672 to 1780. The amount of British Jamaican inhabitants tripled to 21,000 and the amount of slaves reached heights of up to 600,000 in theRead MoreSlavery in Jamaica Essay4444 Words   |  18 Pagesappreciate a good beat. Much of this oppression came in the time of slavery; a period of nearly two hundred years where those of a dark skin were considered property of the light skinned ones, inferior in all ways. Most of their labor was on sugar plantations, an export that Jamaica was supplying much of the world with. Later in their history, it would be bananas that the British would learn to exploit. Until the philosophy which holds One race superior and another inferior Is finally and permanentlyRead MoreJamaic Out Of Many, One People1245 Words   |  5 Pagesslavery brought many problems to the way plantations were run. Sugar is the primary crop of Jamaica and with the new requirements of paying Jamaicans wages, the sugar prices increased and were not as competitive. Many former slaves were able to farm on crown land or buy land with their own savings. With the harshness of economic and social factors, there also was a very high mortality rate of all races on the island due to disease break outs. The Jamaican people had a resolve during this time toRead MoreCulture Analysis : Jamaica. Jamaica1394 Words   |  6 Pagesthe â€Å"Blue Mountains†, which is thickly covered which tree ferns. The Blue Mountains experiences an average of 200 inches of rain annually, resulting in topsoil erosion and an abundance of streams. Peasants nurture coffee, usually grown on large pl antations, in the valleys of the mountains. It is amongst the most expensive coffees in the world and is exported mainly to Japan. The official language of Jamaica is English, but those who stay in rural areas speak patois. Patois is a creole dialect withRead MoreThe New World2171 Words   |  9 PagesAmerican gold and silver. Spain was plagued by periodic famines due to imported Baltic grain not easily being moved to the interior of Spain, while at the same time one-third of farm land had become uncultivable space . The exploitation of the rich Jamaican soil broke Spanish reliance on European imports and thrust the kingdom into rising economic system, mercantilism. Furthermore, to improve the status of the country shifting into a nation state, Spain restricted trade by foreigners with the its’ settlementsRead MoreHistory Of Bretton Woods System And Jamaica1436 Words   |  6 Pagesaffected business and led to people migrating to other areas. At the height of the Trans –Atlantic Trade many slaves were brought to Jamaica to work on the plantations. Products varied from indigo, to tobacco, to cocoa which finally led to sugar. The sugar plantations thrived in Jamaican weather which led to an increase of slaves as well as plantations. After many successful and unsuccessful rebellions, slavery was abolished in 1838. However the abolishment of slavery did not have a major positive impact

Women’s Studies Free Essays

Major Essay Women across the world face challenges and experiences such as gender class inequality, oppression, struggle with identity, sexual awakening, women’s objectification, personal resistance, reliving women’s history, female empowerment and etc. These are some of the themes that will be addressed In this essay. These themes will be supported by feminist short stories from books such as â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper and other stories† by Charlotte Perkins Gillian and â€Å"The Bloody Chamber and other stories† by Angela Carter. We will write a custom essay sample on Women’s Studies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through the use of aesthetic texts, women’s challenges and experiences will be interpreted using the themes in these stories. In the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gillian, focuses on women living In the 19th century where men have a high standing In the social hierarchy that oppressed women, Gender plays a big role In social hierarchy. Even a rich woman cannot exercise the same rights and privileges as men would. Women were not given the same equality as men. Gillian focuses on the themes such as personal resistance and women’s history. As the narrator in this story battles with err own psychological mind and the outside world, she slowly falls into deep madness as her obsession grows with the yellow wallpaper. To relief herself from going Insane, she keeps a Journal that exercises her creative mind as her husband prohibits It. This act of writing In her Journal Is also similar to the movie, The Hours where the character Virginia Wolf wrote everyday to keep herself sane in her confinement. The wallpaper represented her sanity and freedom. As a show of resistance from her husband she tore the wallpaper, which made her feel free and powerful. â€Å"l wonder if they all come out of that wallpaper as I did? (Gillian 34) shows her longing of freedom and resistance. Women during this time period did not have much value as they were expected to be only wives and mothers and cannot carry on other responsibilities. â€Å"It Is so discouraging not to have any advice and companionship about my work† (Gillian 24) as her husband instructed her to stay in confinement and away from writing. She has spent her days confined in a room where there is only a window to look at which eventually made her insane. As a woman living In the 19th century, the narrator had no control over her own life and had let her husband dominate her. Women did not have the same opportunities as men did. The author’s use of these themes gave the story a powerful message of women longing for freedom and equality in their society. In the story, â€Å"If I Were A Man† by Charlotte Perkins Gillian, focuses on a woman who fought social boundaries and â€Å"take risk to improve themselves and their material condition† (Hoofers 36). As in this story, women were not ready for business but Gillian challenged that. Gillian focuses on the themes such as gender Identity and empowerment, During this time period, women’s roles were to stay confined In their preference in gender role was examined in this story, â€Å"Gerald had already about that bill, over which she- as Mollie- was still crying at home† (Gillian 39) shows how different the roles of men and women were. Women were the only subdue to be emotional who stayed at home while the men were the ones who held themselves together with pride and dignity. Mollie Matheson finds herself to be happy when she becomes her husband Gerald â€Å"walking down the path so erect and square- shouldered† (Gillian 35) as manly as she can ever be. The thought of being a man gave Mollie a sense of pride and dignity compared to when she was a woman. In Mollies sense to have equality amongst men, she â€Å"felt such freedom and comfort† (Gillian 36) in becoming Gerald as she has all these privileges a woman would not have. Empowerment became a big symbol once Mollie started to earn money and privileges only men would have had. She never had dreamed of how it felt to have pockets† (Perkins 36) shows how she realizes that she is powerful having money and being able to support herself without the need of having a man to rely on. The themes used in this story became an awakening for women to reach higher and climb the social hierarchy to have equal opportunities as men do. In the story, â€Å"The Cottage† by Charlotte Perkins Gil lian, focuses closely on how traditional male and female roles are slowly evolving. In this story, despite of the old believe in women serving as wives and housekeepers was challenged. Gillian focuses on themes such as gender identity and status. Malta is expected to be nothing but a wife and housekeeper as â€Å"what they care for most, after all, is domesticity†¦ What they want to marry is a homemaker† (Gillian 55) according to her friend. This shows how inequality and lack of freedom plays along in traditional roles f women. Also, Mammal’s lack of independence and longing for Ford’s approval shows how she follows the traditional role of a woman. â€Å"l could cook. I could cook excellently†¦ But if it was a question of pleasing Ford Mathews- † (Gillian 56) as her goal was to please Ford and nothing but Ford. Women were expected to act polite and demure, as they do not want their status to be devalued. â€Å"†¦ She thought it would look better if we had an older person with us†¦ † (Gillian 57) shows how women are confined to act a certain way and are not able to show who they truly are. Women are also seen as trophies or objects a man can have whenever he wishes, â€Å"And woman? He will hold her, he will have her when he pleases† (Gillian 100). Women were treated nothing equally as men but in this story, this concept was challenged. The themes in this story reminds us that women do have traditional roles but can always do something more than being a wife or housekeeper. In the story, â€Å"The Bloody Chambers† by Angela Carter focuses on sexual awakening and women’s objectification through fairytale storytelling. This challenges the typical fairytale story in which is structured as pleasant and happy into gory and violent. The heroine was blossoming into adulthood as she experiences her sexual awakening upon to losing her virginity. â€Å"†¦ Away from Paris, away from girlhood, away from the white, enclosed quietude of my mother’s apartment†¦ (Carter 7) shows her freedom from childhood and practice her sexual curiosity. She also compares the act of â€Å"†¦ A tender, delicious ecstasy of excitement†¦ † (Carter 7) leading up to intercourse as meet her husband. She longs and waits the moment when her husband deflowers women â€Å"have been major targets of sexual s tereotypical and detrimental orphaned† (Adams and Fuller 7) and seen as sexual objects. Marquis viewed the heroine as a sexual object that he can torture and violate. The heroine felt violated as Marquis in a way forced her to undress and deflower her like â€Å"disrobing of the bride, a ritual from the brothel† (Carter 15). The heroine is comparing the lost of her virginity as a ritual from a brothel depicts how disrespected and disgusted she felt while doing this act. Marquis was a power hungry who showed no respect to her brides. The heroine did not feel that losing her virginity was a special act but rather a aromatizing experiences as â€Å"watched a dozen husbands approach me in a dozen mirrors†¦ â€Å"(Carter 15). Although the story ended with a happy tone, the story still degrades women as the heroin was relieved that she was able to cover her red mark as the blind piano tuner â€Å"cannot see it†¦ T spares me shame† (Carter 41). The themes portrayed in this story shows that fairytale stories objectify women and given women a lesser value then they should have. In the story, â€Å"Puss in Boots† by Angela Carter examines the role of violence in sex and woman’ objectification. The young woman was predicted as a poor girl who was arced to marry a rich man. In this c ase, gender and class play a role in social status in this story. As Signor Pantone symbolizes violence and sex for the young woman, as she wishes for sexual gratification she must submit to violence. L gave her the customary tribute of a few firms thrusts of my striped loins† (Carter 70). As Signor Pantone was murdered and passed away, the young woman and Puss’ master proceeded with the act of intercourse despite having a dead corpse next to them. â€Å". They’re at it, hammer and tongs, down on the carpet since the bed is occupy† (Carter 04) shows the young woman’s absurd attraction of violence towards sex. It seems like the young woman is aroused by the acts of violence around her. Women were called unpleasant names and were treated as property by their masters or husbands. One of Signor Pantheon’s servants was being called a â€Å"hag† and described as someone who is very ugly and useless. Also, Signor Pantaloon sees the young woman as property and a sense of please giver. She is also a prisoner of her own where she can only â€Å"sit in a window for one hour and one hour only’ (Carter 101) shows how she doesn’t have freedom and is being held captive by her own husband. The themes of violence in sex and women’s objectification helped shaped the story poor outlook on women’s value. In the story, â€Å"The Tiger’s Bride† by Angela Carter focuses on women’s objectification and sexual awakening. The heroine is a beauty whose father had a gambling addiction in which he had lost to the Beast. The heroine then was used as a wager for her father’ gambling addiction. â€Å"My father lost me to The Beast at cards. † (Carter 60) shows how devalued the heroine is. There is also patriarchy played in this story. As the father and the beast holds the heroine in captivity and she has o voice in her own life. â€Å"My father said he loved me yet he staked his daughter on a hand of cards. † (Carter 62) shows how helpless and out of control the heroine’s life is. She is being used as an object and nothing more but a value of money and not life itself. The heroine’s sexual awakening is measured when she transforms into a beast. This also signifies sex and birth as a way of her transformation. Losing her virginity lick the skin off me! † (Carter 69) she describes herself being reborn into a tigress. This act of rebirth signifies a man’s reclaim in sex, as a man controls a woman during intercourse. This also ties in with violence in sex as she sheds blood during intercourse and sheds her own skin to become awaken. The themes delivered a powerful message of the pain and relief in finding one’s awakening. Through the use of feminist themes and ideas, writers Charlotte Perkins Gillian and Angela Carter sent powerful messages in their short stories. Charlotte Perkins Gillian mostly used the feminist themes such as personal resistance and gender identity to explain the underlying meanings in her stories. Characters in Sailing’s writings were rebellious and did not conform to social norms. As they, freely expressed themselves in their own way with a positive ending. Contrary in Angel Carter’s writings, focused on themes such as women’s objectification and sexual awakening. The male characters usually portrayed having some essence of evil controlling the female character. The stories in Carter’s books are very dark and sexual. Some descriptions in her writing almost have a sense of pornographic image. Both writers gave us a grasp on how themes powerfully send messages throughout the stories. Adams, Terrier M. , and Douglas B. Fuller. â€Å"The Words Have Changed But the Ideology Remains the Same: Misogynistic Lyrics in Rap Music. How to cite Women’s Studies, Papers

Quality Management Analysis UAE Airlines

Question: Describe about the Quality Management Analysis for UAE Airlines. Answer: Introduction The Quality Management process ensures that the product and services offered by the company are consistent and they are meeting the expectations of the customers. The elements of this process allow the firm to not only focus on the quality of its products and services, but at the same time invest their knowledge and resources on the strategies that could be employed in achieving such levels of quality (ISO Central Secretariat, 2015). The following report will be discussing the Quality of the products and services of a leading UAE airline, Emirates Airlines. This company was started by the government of the UAE and due to successful investments this company has become one of the leading brands in the world. This report will also analyze the Costs of the Quality being delivered to the customers and in what ways and using which quality tool does the companys executives manages the Quality of its products and services (American Society for Quality, 2016). Company Profile The airline was founded in the year1958 and now it has been able to spread its business in almost 56 countries. It has employed over 40,000 worthy candidates till now from all over the globe. Due to the consistent efforts of the company, it has been able to maintain a good position in the top five airlines of the world. Being the biggest airline in the Middle East, the company is operating over 3,600 flights per week from its hub at Dubai International Airport (Ukessays Team, 2015). The increasing popularity of the airline has made it a largest airline in terms of revenue, passengers, fleet size, etc. The prime reason behind this success was the consistent profit rates and the excellent services that the company provides to the customers and thus has a great competitive advantage over the others of the same genre in the market (The Emirates Group, 2016). Product and Services Quality Emirates Airlines have a mixed fleet in its product portfolio, which includes Boeing Wide-body aircraft and Airbuses. To maintain a great position in the competitive market, the company has ordered the delivery of the biggest airplanes till now. Apart from good-level of products, the company is also known to offer excellent services that have paved a way for a rapid increase in growth rates and revenues. To maintain the quality of its services, both personal and professional approach is maintained towards the customers (Maktoum, 2014). The distinct and qualitative services of the airlines include the supply of personalized videos in all the classes of the flights. It is the first airline to include Shower Services on its flight and even private suites on the premium flights. The airline is known for its exorbitant price of its premium and luxurious services for the first class customers. These services include comfortable seats that could be converted into beds, minibar, storage facility for security stuffs and even private suites (Mantur, 2015). Costs of Quality The company provides the Quality services at distinguishable prices for all types of its customers on the basis of their needs and requirements. The company has been able to maintain a low pricing strategy for the Economy Class passengers by hiring low cost labors and even following the shortest available routes by using direct flights (Kasi, 2014). The luxury class of the society is attracted by using the premium pricing policy and providing them exclusive, luxurious and high-class services. The Luxury class services of this airline are world renowned and only the uber rich customers are able to avail these services. The Costs of the Quality services also depend on the season and location where the passengers are flying by. For the business class, the airline is known to offer award winning services at an affordable price including lounge access, 40 kg baggage allowance, etc. Total Quality Management The TQM methods incorporated in the airlines have a pivotal aim of ensuring high quality of products and services to the customers in order to satisfy their specific needs in a better manner than the competitors. At present, the evaluation of the Quality services has unveiled the most common challenges faced by the customers, including the fare-related issues and ignorance of the pilots towards delivering good quality of services. This is the reason why the customers move towards other airlines. The most apt solution for the above problems in terms of TQM is that the company executives need to exert a great control over the performance of the employees. The elements of TQM could be used to increase the morale among the employees and thus motivate them towards their job. The approach of gathering feedbacks from the employees, about the operations and strategies of the company, will also foster a feeling of inclusiveness among the employees. Quality Tools In order to analyze the quality of the services, the TQM offers a number of tools. The most stable and reliable among them is the Cause and effect diagram or the Fish-bone Diagram. The following two diagrams depict the failure in the quality of services of the airlines leading to dissatisfaction among the customers and even delayed departures in the flights (Ishikawa). Fig 1: Fishbone Diagram showing the causes related to delayed departures in the Emirates Airlines. Fig 2: Fishbone diagram showing the causes which lead to dissatisfaction among the passengers. The above diagrams depict that the core problems are usually small but when the similar ones get interlinked then they yield a great negative outcome for the company in terms of loss of loyal customers or the decrement in the sales and profit rates in the potential markets. References American Society for Quality. (2016). What Is a Quality Management System (QMS)? -- ISO 9001 Other Quality Management Systems . Retrieved from https://asq.org/learn-about-quality/quality-management-system/ Ishikawa, K. (n.d.). 7 Quality Tools for process improvements. KCC. Retrieved from https://www3.ha.org.hk/qeh/wiser/doc/7bqt.pdf ISO Central Secretariat. (2015). Quality management principles. International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved from https://www.iso.org/iso/pub100080.pdf Kasi. (2014). Marketing Plan of Emirates Airline. Retrieved from https://marketingmixx.com/marketing-plan-2/341-marketing-plan-of-emirates-airline.html Maktoum, R. (2014). Going further: The Emirates group annual report 2013-14. Emirates . Retrieved from https://content.emirates.com/downloads/ek/pdfs/report/annual_report_2014.pdf Mantur, N. (2015). The Emirates: Airline Company or a global lifestyle brand? University of the Algarve, School of Management, Hospitality and Tourism. Retrieved from https://sapientia.ualg.pt/bitstream/10400.1/8050/1/Tese%20N%20Mantur.pdf The Emirates Group. (2016). Emirates: Fly with us. Retrieved from https://www.emirates.com: https://www.emirates.com/in/English/ Ukessays Team. (2015, March 23). Total Quality Management In Fly Emirates Marketing . Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/total-quality-management-in-fly-emirates-marketing-essay.php

In the Skin of a lion Essay Example

In the Skin of a lion Paper In the novel, In The Skin Of A Lion, by Michael Annotated, Patrick Lewis is put through events and has certain expectations placed on him that greatly affect his perception and his method of handling situations that he Is placed In. Patrick Lewis Is always expected to be compassionate and affectionate towards others no matter what the situation, this leads him making some dramatic decisions in the book. He grew up in a very isolated area which always made him an immigrant towards wherever he went and this alienated him from everyone around him. Lastly, Patrick evolves a relationship with Alice Gull which exposes him to a whole new world. Their relationship changes his perspective towards the people around him and his view of the world. Michael Annotated uses the expectations placed on Patrick, his life In isolation, and his important relationship with Alice to show Patrick s journey of self discovery and the idea of adaptation and change. Michael Annotated starts the book off by introducing and expanding on a very key element towards showing Patriots self discovery and adaptation, his environment. Patrick Lewis Is born and raised In a very Isolated environment which causes him to sake some decisions and learn live lessons In a very distinctive way. From his young years, Patrick is always isolated from the world, He was born into a region which did not appear on a map until 1910, though his family had worked there for twenty years and the land had been homesteaded since 1816. In the school atlas the place is a pale green and nameless. (Annotated 10). This quote clearly states how isolated Patrick is from the world as it was not even recognized on the map. We will write a custom essay sample on In the Skin of a lion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on In the Skin of a lion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on In the Skin of a lion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Due to his isolation he Is going to have no knowledge of the outside world causing him to be an immigrant to where ever he goes. The quote: In the way he steps from the dark house and at the doorway of the glowing kitchen says to the empty fields, I am here. Come visit me (Annotated 10) explains that due to a lack of colonization he tries to adapt and begins to call out to the insects for some colonization. Patrick is going to be the type of immigrant that is always going to be looking towards fitting in with other people. His first interaction with the outside world was Clara, his first love. He explores a new world outside his community with a companion. He Is forever hanged and was not going to give It up as he Ignores a chance to riches given to him by Smalls to leave Clara alone but that chance he did not take. He did this to maintain his first connection to the outside social world and to attempt to leave the isolation he grew up in. Furthermore, Patrick Lewis Is expected to be compassionate and kind, him following his expectations helps him meet people that are very Important in his life. Patrick met his first love, Clara, due to his caring personality and he even let her go with her first love due to him love for Clara. Another sign of his compassion was hon.. When he attended a show at the Waterworks and there he watches an actress bang her hand repeatedly on the floor. He then rushes to help the women which turn out to be Alice. His sense of compassion took over as he rushed thinking that the woman was a stranger. Also his realization of compassion was after the show where he began to talk to Alice, Compassion forgives too much, you could forgive the worst aware Why leave the power in his hands. There is more compassion in my desire for truth that your image of compassion (Annotated 123-124). In this conversation teen Alice and Patrick, Patrick realizes the expectation of compassion as being compassionate he gives people a chance to socialize with him. If he had not been compassionate he would not have even tried to mingle with the immigrants, save Aggravating, or even met Alice daughter Hanna. His compassion was plentiful that after Lices death he began to raise Hanna as his own. Above all getting to love and decipher Alice light a very bright light in Patriots life which was taken away after Clara left with Smalls. Alice introduces Patrick to see the world and its people in a different perspective. She began by making him realize his compassion towards others which opened up a lot of important things in Patriots life. Alice also taught Patrick that not all things are set in stone and you have to adapt to ever situation that you are put in. Alice says to Patrick, muff name the enemy and destroy their powers. (Annotated 124), which summarizes Lices dreams or ideals. As after Lices death Patrick goes into depression and then remembers this quote and begins to pursue Lices ideals and her dream in a very dramatic fashion when he attempts to destroy the city, mainly the rich. Therefore, Alice is a vital part of his life and he lives on through the ethics and lessons she has taught him. In conclusion, throughout the book In The Skin Of A Lion, Patrick Lewis expectations and influences help him towards self discovery. Patriots childhood in an isolated area allows him to become more self-sufficient and allows him to appreciate his companions. His compassion and kindness helps him meet important people in his life and further understand himself. Last of all, his relationship with Alice gives him a new perspective on life and teaches him some valuable live lessons.

Susies Afterlife Essay Example

Susies Afterlife Essay Example Susies Afterlife Essay Susies Afterlife Essay How does Sebold use representations of speech and other literary techniques to portray Susies feelings about her afterlife in the following extract (Chapter 2, Pages 19-20) and in one other extract in the novel? For most of the novel, Susies heaven is, for her, simply a place from which she can observe her family on Earth. The casual tone Sebold uses as Susie describes the contents of her heaven and the simple dreams she has (an ice cream shopa newspaper where our pictures appeared a lot) show the reader that however miraculous this image of heaven is, Susie still has a strong link binding her to her split-level on Earth an echo of sameness riding up over the hill. Her strongest desire is one of the only things her heaven cannot provide, as shown by the simple declarative I wanted to be allowed to grow up, although the use of the past tense foreshadows a change in Susies attitude towards her afterlife later in the novel. While in the first extract Susies heaven appears mundane, even boring, in my chosen extract (Susies meeting with her grandfather) Sebold shows a more spiritual, paranormal element of heaven the typical idea of heaven that most readers imagine. In Chapter 2 there is a clear sense of Susies immaturity and innocence, highlighting the tragedy of her death and suggesting that Susie does not belong in heaven and should be on Earth with her family this reflects Susies desire to cling onto her life on Earth. The verb pretend in the simple declarative Then we can pretend better is associated with childhood games and imaginary worlds, showing us that Susie is still a child and the idea of heaven is a game to her. This is also reflected in the abstract noun secrets in the simple declarative To know the secrets this lexical choice suggests that, for Susie, the idea of adulthood is as much an extraordinary other world as heaven is, but one she can never experience. The irony here is that for many people on Earth who have reached adulthood, the idea of heaven or an afterlife is ridiculous, whereas for Susie the opposite is true. Sebold widens the gap between Susie and the people on Earth and thereby encourages the reader to open their minds to other possibilities. The use of the verb allowed in the simple declarative I wanted to be allowed to grow up also highlights Susies innocence as it encourages the reader to think that she needs permission, a childlike idea. That someone could give their permission to allow such a simple desire is a childish idea, and therefore also highlights the tragedy of the circumstances. Sebold capitalises the concrete noun Earth while heaven is always in lowercase; this indicates where Susies heart lies and how she sees the Earth almost as a living being, like her family. The pairing of the simple interrogatives Was it my father? Was it what I had wanted all this time so desperately? reflects the fast pace of Susies thoughts and her desperation to be with her family. This is highlighted strongly by the adverb desperately. Susies use of the proper noun Grandaddy in Chapter 18 again represents her innocence and youth, despite being in heaven, but the simplicity of this single unit of speech also reflects the simplicity of this episode and Susies simple desire to be with her family again. The simple lexical choices and sentence structure in this episode, such as in the simple declarative Youre so close and interrogative Do you remember? reflect the familiarity and ease between Susie and her grandfather; there is no need for complex language to show off or pretend to be someone theyre not. This also reflects the simplicity of Sebolds image of heaven; characters such as Holly and Franny usually use simple lexical choices and sentence structures, as in the dialogue between Holly and Susie Do you like it here?, No., Me either. This is in contrast with the way in which characters are portrayed on Earth, where emotions are hidden behind masks and answers are never straightforward, as in the case of Abigail. Susies heaven is a way for her to experience the dreams she had on Earth it had a newspaper where our pictures appeared a lot and made us look important This complex declarative encapsulates the common dreams of most young people; Sebold portrays Susie as a generic 14 year old girl in order for the reader to connect with her character emotionally. The simple declaratives Thats how Holly and I got our duplex and I hated our split-level on Earth could suggest that Susie wants to distance herself from anything to do with Mr. Harvey, and the echo of sameness riding up over the hill reminds her too much of him. The reader associates the abstract noun echo with memories and loss, suggesting that this particular memory offers no comfort to Susie. This lexical choice is almost ethereal; Susie is haunted by the thoughts of her old neighbourhood and Mr. Harvey. Mr. Harvey dead and me living is separated from the rest of the complex declarative by a colon, which sets this idea apart and shows the significance it holds for Susie. It is clear from Chapter 18 that a change has come over Susies feelings towards her heaven. There are fewer interrogatives in this episode than there are in Chapter 2 Susie has come to terms with what has happened and understands the concept of heaven now. The interrogative that she does ask, the adverb Where? is clearly not reflecting any desperation of Susies for answers; she is content to be in the moment. The reader is alerted to a shifting a change happening on Earth and in heaven. The use of asyndetic listing (Seismic, impossible, a rending and tearing of time and space) shows that Susie does not understand what is happening, but the adjectives seismic and impossible again sound other-worldly, and the reader is reminded of the strangeness of this episode, as well as being examples of Sebolds use of magical realism. Both Chapter 2 and Chapter 18 show that Susie shows no fear of death or the afterlife, which is again simple and childlike. She accepts the situation easily, her connection to Earth and her family being too strong. The main feelings which Sebold makes the reader aware of are Susies desperation to be with her family and regret at Mr. Harveys continued existence on Earth, which dont allow her to fully realise the depth and mysticism of her heaven until later in the novel.

Immigration and employment in Ontario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Immigration and employment in Ontario - Essay Example series of relevant legislative texts has been developed in any modern state which provides the requirements needed for the relevant procedure to be completed. These requirements are usually common among all countries around the world with only certain points of differentiation. It has been noticed that in countries with a high rate of development the relevant requirements tend to be stricter comparing the ones applied in the less developed countries. However, this assumption is not absolute and there are cases where the above requirements are equally formulated in both developed and developing countries. This paper examines the current conditions regarding the immigration policy applied in Canada and specifically the area of Ontario (with a special reference to the city of Toronto). The specific area has been a place that attracted a significant number of immigrants mostly in the past. Today also it seems that the rate of growth in the immigrants entering the country and the specific area continues to increase. This phenomenon although positive in certain aspects for the local economy it has been proved to have certain negative influences particularly in the financial area. The role of immigrants and their interaction with the local society is being examined in order for specific points of common to be found and for certain policies to be examined as of their suitability regarding their reason of existence. The presentation of statistical data combined with the findings of the literature has been considered as an effective method of exploring the above problem to the best possible level. Immigration in Canada has a long history. In fact, it has been found (Coyne, 1996) that in the 128 years since confederation, some 14 million immigrants came to Canada, almost a third before the First World War as Canadian immigration policy was essentially an open door. In this context, between 1867 and 1899, Canada absorbed 1.6 million immigrants into a population at

Critically evaluate the case for the United Nations in the Essay

Critically evaluate the case for the United Nations in the twenty-first century - Essay Example Fourthly, the paper will look into the Rwandan genocide, which is termed as the greatest failure of the United Nations. Subsequently, the paper will also assess the UN’s involvement in provision of asylum for the ever-rising number of refugees in Africa. Lastly, the paper will conclude by a brief summary of the United Nations’ overall functions in attainment of its goals. However, United Nations just like any other organization is prone to glitches, especially when those running the show refuse to prioritize the organization’s core objectives. The UN (United Nations) was founded in 1945 October 24th by 51 states dedicated to maintaining peace via international collaboration and joint security. Currently, almost every state globally, is a member of UN. The UN (United Nations) has 6 main structures. The General Assembly is a parliament of states that meets often and in distinct conferences to envision the globe's most critical problems. The Security Council prime d uty is to maintain international security and peace. The Economic and Social Council, underneath the total power of the General Assembly, directs the social and economic work of the United Nations. ... Following an era of unsuccessful peacekeeping undertakings around Africa at the culmination of the 20th century, the UN (United Nations) has been obligated to re-assess its task as a global establishment for conflict resolve. In the freshly reformulated AU (African Union), the United Nations appears to have established a dependable regional confederate to aid and share the responsibility of peacekeeping upon the continent. Nevertheless, while joint peace enforcement initiatives amid the United Nations and regional allies are progressively sought as keys for culminating several of Africa’s most wicked wars. One has to doubt whether there exists an even-handed distribution of duties between establishments, or whether the United Nations is permitting its enthusiastic counterparts to embark on the dangerous duties of peacekeeping without the necessary logistical and financial backing in return (Baylis 2011). The post-Cold Warfare era was a phase of critical learning for the UN. In a progressively complex global security background, where traditional methods of brokering reconciliation were not sufficient for culminating chaotic internal intra-state skirmishes, the United Nations was enforced to re-assess its function as an international peace enforcement establishment. Stinging let-downs in nations like Somalia, Angola and Rwanda were ample to drive the blue helmets flinching from the Africa continent, hesitant to impulsively enter into engagements where peace is required to be vigorously enforced, not just held. Certainly, even a report by Brahimi issued in 2000, and broadly viewed as an important account of the United Nations’ challenges and progress steering into the 21st era acknowledge this. Brahimi

A middle east entrepreneur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

A middle east entrepreneur - Essay Example She took up the challenge risking all her investment let alone to mention that she was 22 years old at the time. She successfully established one of the fast growing online bookstore business in her region that is now operating internationally in a span of few years. Profile Jinanne Tabra is an Arabic Iraq woman that had an upbringing in Scotland. She was a former pupil of Carlogie Primary School, Carnoustie. When she was five years old, her family went back to Iraq to her father’s home town of Baghdad. They wanted to raise her in the Arabic culture and develop her Arabic language (Araboh’s story 2012, 1). However, for the family safety as the gulf war was eminent they relocated back to Scotland. Like most other Arabic children growing abroad she did not find Arabic enjoyable to learn but it was a struggle and difficult for her. While growing up, she did not have any access to fun Arabic books or cartoons although she wished that she had them. She did not even have any access to Arabic games to play with like other children growing in her native country. The best access she had to Arabic teachings was a community run Arabic school. She attended the community school during weekends something, which she did not find appealing. According to Araboh.com (2012, 1) Tabra says that, for her, it was no fun giving up playing time and enjoying your weekend for studying intensive Arabic. Tabra relocated the gulf, back to her native and homeland country while she was in high school. She was glad to relocate finally back to her home where she did not have to joggle with two cultures, as it was in Scotland. In Scotland, she had to live with two different and conflicting cultures. One was that of being Arabic, and striving to maintain her identity and roots as an Arab, while the other was the acquired culture of Scotland where she was born and bred. When she eventually moved back to her country, she was delighted of the prospect of living in a country with one cu lture. Here, she was at home and not a foreigner anymore. She fitted in seamlessly and adapted quickly to her new environment. Her little Arabic, which she had learnt from the community school, was helpful for her to adjust to her new environment. As she put her Arabic to use every day in her new home, she was grateful to her family and community back in Scotland for their hard work, in ensuring that she had a strong establishment in the Arabic language. She still struggled with her Arabic, and she was embarrassed to read out aloud and ashamed of her handwriting. Tabra is a graduate of the Tepper School of Business at Carnegie Mellon University of Qatar. She studied business administration. In addition, she recently finished a certification course by The Academy for Arabic Teachers for teaching Arabic as a second and foreign language. Currently she is studying for a Masters level in International Education Policy at Harvard University. Among her achievements, while aged 22 years, th e Arabian CEO Magazine, named Tabra as one of the 30 under 30 Arab leaders in 2009. She was also featured in the Qatar Foundation achievers Campaign in 2011, which earned her appearances in leading broadcasters in the world, such as CNN and Al-Jazeera. She is also the CEO of Araboh.com the Middle East’s first e-commerce business, which she set up half way through her final year in campus. Today her start-up boosts a wealth of fun educational

Importance of Nutrition in Patient Care

Importance of Nutrition in Patient Care Nutrition and hydration are essential human needs that should be the main focus of the nurse in the care of the patient/client. If the nutritional state of the patient is inadequate or unbalanced the effect of therapeutic medical interventions can be ineffective therefore nutrition is as important as medication in the recovery from chronic diseases, wounds, infections and surgical operation. The lack of a balanced diet can lead to malnutrition which is considered to be a major risk for morbidity and mortality among the elderly (Webb and Copeman, 1996). Research done by the European Nutrition for Health Alliance (2005) found that four out of 10 older people admitted to hospital are malnourished on arrival and six out of 10 are at risk of becoming malnourished or their condition worsening. Florence Nightingale stated that, thousands of patients are starved in the midst of plenty, from the want of attention to the ways which alone make it possible for them to eat (Webb and Copeman 1996) . It is vital for nurses to implement a patient centred care to develop trust as meeting the needs of the elderly can be challenging. Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2008) acknowledges that nurses should make the care of people their first concern treating them as individuals and respecting their dignity therefore providing food and help with eating are important elements in maintaining dignity. This essay is going to focus on the importance of nutrition in the care of adults mainly the elderly as care for the elderly is different in that a childs main focus is growth and maturation while that of the elderly is maintaining a healthy physical status, building strength and avoiding excess weight. It is going to look at the definition of nutrition, some of the essential nutrients, ways of nutritional support, malnutrition, role of nurse in preventing malnutrition and barriers faced. This report is going to have different materials that back up evidence based practise and support the importance of nutrition in patient/client care. Essential nutrients Williams, (1999) describes nutrition as the sum of the processes involved in food nutrients, assimilating and using them to maintain body tissue and provide energy which is the foundation for life and health. There are different types of nutrients which are responsible for regulating different functions, providing energy, enable growth and maintain cell tissue. There are two categories of nutrients which are classified as macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients Protein is an essential nutrient needed by every human being as it is vital for the growth and repair of tissues (Quinn et al 1987). It is responsible for making hormones, enzymes and antibodies which help fight infections as well as deliver oxygen and transportation of other nutrients to the body. Nurses should encourage strict vegetarian patients to take a complementary protein to ensure they have a sufficient supply of amino acids as the lack of these can lead to protein- energy malnutrition (PEM) (Beck 1985). Evidence from a systematic review (Potter et al 1998) suggests that protein and energy supplementation improves outcomes in the elderly patients with multiple medical and surgical conditions. Enough energy intakes is required to help in restoring and preventing loss of fat stores which provide cushioning against pressure in patients with wounds and pressure ulcers (Thomas 2001). As people age their energy and calorie intake declines because of the decline in metabolic rate, lean body mass and physical activity. The Food Standard agency (FSA) (2001) emphasises that patients with wounds and pressure ulcers should be encouraged to have a carbohydrate source with each meal. Fibre is a form of indigestible carbohydrate which increases the muscle tone in the digestive tract and lowers the risk of developing bowel cancer, constipation, piles and osteoporosis which are common in the elderly (BDA, 2003). Fat provides a store of concentrated energy, heat, insulation and protection from injuries. Fats, especially mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids are responsible for reducing the incidences of heart diseases, brain function, regulating mood and lower depression. They are helpful in preventing cardiovascular diseases such as coronary thrombosis (COMA, 1992). High levels of saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet may increase the risk of obesity and cardiovascular diseases while reducing fat in the diet may deplete levels of serotonin in the brain causing mood changes and depression (Beck et al, 2005). Micronutrients As people age they need more vitamins and minerals to support their general wellbeing. Vitamins are found in fruits and vegetables as well as dairy products, meat and fish. Vitamin B12, B6 and folate are examples of water soluble vitamins which are good at fighting heart diseases, cancers and prevent declining neurological deficiencies such as memory loss and anaemia. It is important for nurses to recommend five portions of fruit and vegetables a day and supplements for patients who cannot receive enough from their normal diet. Minerals are responsible for hormonal, enzymatic, transportation of molecules and electrolyte balance. Calcium is an example of a mineral found in the bones and teeth responsible for the function of muscles, nerves and blood clotting. Fluid intake is a vital nutrient needed for the maintenance of healthy tissues, regulating temperature and transportation. Patients who have an imbalance in fluid are unable to efficiently oxygenate vital organs or carry waste products to be excreted. As the kidneys function deteriorate with age this can impair the renal function in regulating salt and electrolyte balance and this can lead to dehydration (Nursing standard 2009). This can cause renal and cardiac problems especially in patients who have suffered from stroke and Alzheimers disease who can be insensitive to thirst (Water UK 2006). It is important for nurses to encourage frequent sips of water to vulnerable patients as some may have lost a sense of thirst from medication. Types of nutritional supply Food can be administered through oral feeding using modified foods; food fortification moulded foods, finger foods, snacks as well as using enteral (tube feeding inserted in the nose directly to the stomach) and parenteral feeding (intravenously using a sterile liquid) (National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) 2006). Malnutrition NICE (2006) defines malnutrition as, a state in which a deficiency of nutrients such as protein, energy, vitamins and minerals causes measurable adverse effects on body composition, function and clinical outcome. Elderly patients are at risk of malnutrition caused by hospital diet, processes and shortcomings known as iatrogenic malnutrition (Coates 1985). Some of the factors that increase the risks are poor dentures, hearing difficulties, chronic diseases, surgical treatments and other degenerative diseases. Social factors such as isolation, poverty, culture and bereavement can also contribute to the risk. This could lead to a number of deficiencies which may include reduced immunity, impaired function of the heart and lungs. This can increased the risk of admission to hospital and length of stay. NICE (2006) stated that if poor dietary intake or complete inability to eat persists for weeks the resulting malnutrition can be life threatening. Patients are usually screened on admission using their dietary history or screening tools such as the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) to check if they are malnourished, at risk of malnutrition or obese (British Association of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (BAPEN) 2003). This screening tool consist of a five step guide based on the patients body mass index, weight loss, illness score, overall score and management guidelines. It is important in guiding the carers on which steps to follow which can help to develop and manage an individual care plan. There are a lot of campaigns that are on going to help reduce the number of malnutrition in hospitals such as Hungry to be heard (Age concern 2006) and Nutrition Now (Royal College of Nursing (RCN) 2007). Nutritional screening done in 2007 found that 28% of hospital patients were at risk of malnutrition, of which 22% were considered to be at high risk and 6% at medium risk (BAPEN 2008). Role of nurses and barriers they face The Roper, Logan and Tierney model for nursing states that the nurse has a primary role , within the multidisciplinary team, in ensuring that patients receive food, fluids and adequate nutrition whilst they are in their care and health education regarding a healthy diet (Holland et al 2008). It is important for the nurse to have relevant physiological knowledge and understanding of what makes a balanced diet and different constituent food groups (Docherty and McCallum 2009). Assisting patients to eat is regarded as a fundamental nursing skill that nurses need to develop for the health and wellbeing of patients as well as prevention of diseases. The nurse plays a big role in meeting the nutritional needs of patients by assessing them on admission, monitoring, providing help, advice and referrals. It is the role of the nurse to ensure that collaborative care with other multidisciplinary team such as dieticians, rehabilitation nurses, social workers and occupational therapists is implem ented as soon as possible in cases of malnutrition, anorexia or obesity disease (Docherty and McCallum 2009). The Caroline Walker Trust (2004) recommends that staff should be present and involved at mealtimes, respecting individual preferences, making sure that patients are sitting in an upright position to encourage normal digestion and making the environment pleasant by removing bed pans and commodes to enhance a good appetite. Nurses, in collaboration with the catering staff should respect individual cultural preferences such as providing Kosher for Jews, meat free dishes for vegans/vegetarians and recognising any food allergies and intolerances such as gluten (NMC 2008). Nurses should identify patients who need assistance using the red tray initiative as directed in the Nutrition Now campaign (Royal College of Nursing (RCN) 2007). It is important for the nurse to imply good interpersonal communication skills with the patient as this will encourage the patient to eat. The nurse should also check that all records are well documented such as care plans; food and fluid balance charts as it is a good way of communicating with the other staff and gives a clear nutritional outcome. From the experience I had at my placement the red tray initiative was a good form of identifying patients who needed assistance. It gave me the chance to be aware that meeting nutritional requirements of older patients can be more challenging as the patient declined to be assisted in feeding (Docherty and McCallum 2009). Barriers faced by nurses lack of nursing time, lack of nutritional training, lack of communication, trust and respect within the multidisciplinary team. Conclusion In conclusion providing good nutrition is important in the prevention of malnutrition, degenerative diseases and overall well being of patients. It is vital for nurses to develop good nutritional knowledge and interpersonal skills to be able to provide holistic quality care towards the recovery of patients.

Distress and Individualism: Comparing Douglass and de la Cruz Essay

Frederick Douglass once said, â€Å"Where justice is denied, where poverty is enforced, where ignorance prevails, and where any one class is made to feel that society is an organized conspiracy to oppress, rob and degrade them, neither persons nor property will be safe† (Brainy Quotes 1). Many people believe in order for society to be safe and homeostatic, the economy and irrational mentalities must change. Prior to comparing and contrasting Frederick Douglass and Sor Juana de la Cruz, brief summaries of the literary works "Reply to Sor Filotea de la Cruz" and Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass will be given. Sor Juana de la Cruz and Frederick Douglass have several notable similarities and differences. The comparisons that will be discussed are based on the following human conditions; fear, identity, and time period. Sor Juana de la Cruz is born into a wealthy family in 1648 that lived near Mexico City, Mexico. After being a part of the Viceregal court and a lady in waiting, Cruz begins her spiritual journey and joins the convent. Here, Cruz explores both secular and non-secular studies. She is an exceptionally talented writer with a passion for reading, learning, and writing. She is scolded for the information she writes and is told to focus exclusively on religious dogma. Soon after the Bishop of Pubela reads one of her letters, he publishes it (without her knowing), and she responds with a respectful yet sarcastic letter (Lawall and Chinua 155-156). Cruz’s â€Å"Reply to Sor Filotea de la Cruz† was written during the period of Enlightenment of Europe (1660- 1770). This era in Europe casted an opaque shadow over women’s rights to educate themselves and self-expression. Sor Juana’s piece however is both inspirational and empoweri... ...e of Frederick Douglass. Atlanta: Kessinger Publishing, 2008. 8. Print. â€Å"Frederick Douglass Quotes.† ThinkExist. 2012. Web. 16 April 2012. Fulton, Terry. â€Å"The Church in the Age of Enlightenment and Revolution†. Verbal Conscience. March 2012. Web. 16 April 2012. Lawall, Sarah, and Chinua Achebe. The Norton Anthology: World Literature. Shorter Second Edition. 2. New York: W.W. Norton & Company Inc., 2009. 157. Print. "The Emancipation Proclamation." The center for legislative archives. The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. 2012. Web. 16 April 2012. .

What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Selling Cosmetic Products Through Door-to-Door Selling, Specialty Stores, Department Store Counters, and Supermarkets and Hypermarkets?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of selling cosmetic products through door-to-door selling, specialty stores, department store counters, and supermarkets and hypermarkets? ?Door-to door selling The advantage of using door-to door selling is the salesperson can make initiative to go around door-to door to persuade customers to buy the cosmetic products instead of waiting the customers to visit your shop. The company is able to save money for setting up a visible shop which usually costs a lot. Besides, there is no need to take attention on the design and decoration of the shop and display of goods.Sometimes, the customers really have no intention to buy the products, but due to continuous persuasion of the salesperson, they buy it in the end. Using door-to door selling method has a great potential to earn unlimited revenues. It is also considered convenient to customer as products are delivered directly to them. Salesperson can explain the functions of the cosmetic products a nd recommend what is suitable for the customer face-to face and one-by one. This is typically vital in sales of cosmetic products as each person suits different kind of cosmetic products and customers will have lots of question to ask the salesperson.It is important to provide good services to customers in door-to door selling. On the other hand, there are also disadvantages of using door-to door method to sell cosmetic products. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, customers might have lots of questions about the cosmetic products and cause time consuming. Especially for cosmetic products, for those who have been using, they will be loyalty to particular brand and will not change dramatically which appears to be risky as they do not know whether the new brand suits them even you kept on persuading them.It is difficult to provide consistent good quality of services. Besides, it is also difficult to employ and retain salesperson due to the unattractive working conditions. Most of the people will reject to attend to the salesperson. As a result, the salesperson may even not have a chance to promote the products. ?Specialty stores Firstly, specialty store for cosmetics provide professional services by trained salesperson and beauty consultants. This can attract many consumers as they can save money to consult a professional consultant and yet can get recommendation, free analyze of their skins, newest information and trends.Specialty stores also provide full range of merchandises of specific cosmetic brand. This provides convenience to customers. Specialty stores can also be renovated and designed based on the theme or concept of the brand. This is helpful to build the identity of the brand in order to attract more customers. However, to train the salesperson and beauty consultants, the store has to spend a lot of money and time. And also, it is very costly to renovate the specialty stores. Without sufficient and a big amount of fund, it is totally impossible to operate a specialty store.Specialty stores might not be able to attract customers who initially do not have interest in this brand to step in. In addition, specialty stores have to put in effort to draw traffics on their own, unlike selling products in department stores and supermarkets. ?Department store counters Setting counters in department store is the most popular channel in cosmetic products. Department store attracts all groups of customers and offers a wide variety of brands of cosmetic products to customers.The cost of setting up counters in department store is much less compared to setting up a specialty store. However, setting counter in the cosmetic products department is very competitive as all different brands of cosmetic products are put together in a particular area. Especially for cosmetic products, customers can go to every counter and try each product. Customers can just walk around and compare among the brands. Besides, the space is rather small and has to pu t in great effort in the location of displaying the products to attract customers. ?Supermarkets and hypermarketsSelling cosmetic products in supermarkets and hypermarkets cost cheaper. Usually there is no salesperson promoting the products, thus can save money on recruitment. Basically, most cosmetic products sold in the supermarkets and hypermarkets are basic, lower-priced mass products. Without salesperson, the cosmetic products appear to be less attractive. Furthermore, similar to setting counters in department stores, supermarkets will diversify their products into different departments. Thus, all cosmetic products will be placed together which is highly competitive.

Organizational Management and Operations Essay

Organizational Management and Operations The subject to describe is policing organizations at various levels. The author will identify, compare, and contrast the policing function at the local, state, and federal organizational levels (CJA/484 – Criminal Justice Administration Capstone). The author will analyze how the organizational, management, administration, and operational functions at the local, state, and federal levels are similar or different and why (CJA/484 – Criminal Justice Administration Capstone). The leadership characteristics and responsibilities pertaining to each organizational level will be identified (CJA – Criminal Justice Administration Capstone). According to Walker & Katz (2008) â€Å"American policing is a highly fragmented organization. Law enforcement in the United States is a large and extremely complex enterprise. Almost 18,000 federal, state, and local agencies exist along with a private security industry that employs over a million additional people. Currently there is no formal centralized system that exists for coordinating or regulating all the different agencies at the local, state, and federal levels.† The government agencies at the local level of law enforcement include the Municipal police, County police, and County sheriffs. The state levels of law enforcement include the state police, and the Bureau of criminal investigations. The federal levels of law enforcement include federal law enforcement agencies and the Military law enforcement, such as the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Justice. These two departments have several branches, such as the Bureau of Customs and Border Protec tion, Drug Enforcement Agency, Bureau of Immigration, and Customs Enforcements, Federal Bureau of Investigations, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Transportation Security Administration, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Secret Service, the United States Marshals Service, and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and  Explosives, which fall under the respected departments. Included under law enforcement agencies are also special district police, which includes public schools, transit police, college, university police, and private security firms (Walker & Katz, 2008). The municipal police departments are also referred to as city police. City police departments play a major role within the community. Municipal police department’s police officers are sworn in and have the heaviest responsibilities when dealing with serious crimes and the citizens in the neighborhoods in which the officers patrol. Municipal police officers are responsible for various maintenance problems and emergency services such as responding to minor disturbances, noncriminal events, public disturbances, traffic enforcement, routine patrol, and other miscellaneous calls (Walker& Katz, 2008). County police departments have police officers who serve as municipal police officers but they operate on a countywide basis; however, these officers do not have the non-law enforcement roles of the county sheriff. County sheriffs are elected in office except for in two states Rhode Island and Hawaii. County sheriffs have a unique role because they serve the three components of the criminal justice system: courts, law enforcement, and corrections. County sheriff department personnel roles and responsibilities include routine patrol, crime investigation, enforcement of traffic laws, process serving, court security, jail operations, and search and rescue (Walker & Katz, 2008). According to Walker & Katz (2008) â€Å"Special district police agencies such as some university campus and college police officers serve government agencies however the special district police agencies have their own police force. Most of the officers who are part of the special district agency are state certified law enforcement agents. Officers of the special district police agencies are sworn officers that are certified by the state, have the right to make general arrest, and participate in the Federal Bureau of Investigations Uniform Crime Report Systems. Many universities and college campuses opt out of government agency officers and choose to have private  security of their choice.† Private security firms include private agencies security personnel, which is privately employed by the firm as part or full-time employees. The roles and responsibilities of these officers are patrolling and providing protection at public and private housing complexes, office complexes, ma lls, gaming officers and investigators, loss prevention specialists, patrol services, and armored patrol services. Different from police agencies the private security agencies focus on more than crime they deal with property, consumer satisfaction, and personal assets. The private police organizations can ban people from establishments, fire employees, and pursue prosecution in criminal courts. Also included in private security is the red light and speed enforced cameras designed to ticket people caught speeding and running red lights Walker & Katz, (2008). State law enforcement agencies consist of three categories: state investigative agencies, highway patrols, and state police. State police have statewide police powers for criminal investigations and traffic regulation. Highway patrol officers have the right to arrest non-traffic violators within their jurisdiction and enforce traffic regulations statewide. State law enforcement agencies have the primary responsibility for enforcing traffic laws throughout the state on the highways; however, the state law enforcement agencies patrol concurrently with local police. The responsibilities of state law enforcement agencies vary in different states; some state law enforcement agencies have the responsi bility of training recruits and operating training academies Walker & Katz, (2008). The federal law enforcement agency is more complex and smaller than the local level agencies and differs in the roles and responsibilities of the personnel. The employees at the federal law enforcement level do not respond to 911 calls or local disturbances. The Customs and Border Protections are responsible for ensuring that cargo entering the United States is legal. It works to prevent weapons of mass destruction, illegal immigrants, diseased plants, and animals, and the smuggling of drugs across the border. Immigration and Customs Enforcement is responsible for enforcing custom and immigration laws, along with protecting federal buildings, Marines, and air enforcement (Walker & Katz, (2008). The Federal Emergency Management Agency shares the responsibility of coordinating with private, government, and nonprofit organizations to manage emergency preparedness. The Transportation  Security Administration has the responsibility for protecting the nation’s transportation systems. The United States Coast Guard is responsible for security missions that may be related to security. Some roles responsible by the Coast Guard are the waterways, ports, and coastal security. The United States Secret Service is responsible for providing protection for the former and current presidents, vice presidents, and their immediate family members. The Secret Service also deals with money laundering and computer fraud (Walker & Katz, (2008). Under the Department of Justice the Drug Enforcement Administration sector is responsible for enforcing federal regulations and laws concerning controlled substances. The Federal Bureau of Investigations focuses on preventing terrorist attacks. The United States Marshall Office is responsible for housing federal detainees, providing security to federal courts, and conducting fugitive investigations and placing eligib le people in the witness protection program. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives are responsible for investigating firearm trafficking, enforcing federal firearm laws, preventing criminals and terrorists from possessing explosives, ensuring that individuals who possess explosives are properly licensed, and enforcing federal laws in the collection of federal taxes on alcohol and tobacco products (Walker & Katz, (2008). The author has identified, compared, and contrasted policing functions at the local, state, and federal organizational levels. The organizational, management, administration, and operational functions at the local, state, and federal levels have been analyzed to find the similarities and differences in the three organizational levels. The leadership characteristics of any criminal justice professional should References Grant, H. B., & Terry, K. J. (2008). Law Enforcement in the 21st Century (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Walker, S., & Katz, C. M. (2008). The Police in America (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

buy custom Is Robert Frost a Modernist essay

buy custom Is Robert Frost a Modernist essay As a popular figure literature, Robert Frost is considered to be one of the leading poets in the early twentieth century. His works are distinguished from those of his contemporaries; his works depict the structure and forms of the nineteenth-century literature while revealing the themes and concepts of the modern world. This fact therefore evokes different opinions in considering him to be a modernist. According to Vicky Mahaffey, modernist writing is characterized by willful obscurity and shot through with nostalgia for a rapidly waning elite culture a nostalgia mired in the ugly politics of the time (3). The concept of nostalgia is always present in Frosts poems; many of them reveal the solitary characteristics of his own life. The theme of his poems revolves around his quest, a solitary mans quest, of making sense of the world around him. His famous poem The Road Not Taken, taken as an example, developed the nostalgic sentiment in the word sigh. In the poem, the narrator had to choose between two paths, and he did not know where both roads would bring him. The narrator told with a sigh, he has taken the one less traveled by, which brought him to the current situation. This abstract therefore clearly shows that the character is experiencing nostalgia, although it is hard to say whether it is regret or relief since Frost did not provide any indication of either. The sigh of the character in the poem also provokes floating thoughts from the reader. He makes the reader experience the nostalgic feeling and conclude whether the narrator was able to choose the better path or not. The author finished the poem with this unresolved question, thus strengthening the nostalgic experience. Such nostalgic experience is also perceptible in his poem Birches. The narrator dream[ed] of going back to be [a swinger of birches]once more. In his childhood he used to climb a tree swinging to the ground. In the poem, the narrator recounts his childhood experiencing nostalgia likewise the reader who also experiences the same nostalgic emotion of the narrator as he/she usually reads the poem. Frost was able to reinforce the nostalgic experience of the reader by rendering it profusely in the mood he set for his poem. Obscurity is also present in Frosts poems Some of his works that illustrate obscurity are Greece, Locked Out, and the unpublished War Thoughts at Home. Vicky Mahaffey, furthermore, characterized modernist literature as one that offer[s] a more comprehensive experience rather than a mere narrative slice (5). She continued to say that what was used to be dismissed as insignificant details emerged through synecdoche as essential indices to the richness of a complex, dynamic, sensual whole (Mahaffey 5). She said that in order to experience modernist art, we must either watch the action from several different windows in succession, or else leave the window altogether to enter the human melee on the street, observing what we find there on the same level as everyone else (Mahaffey 5). Robert Frosts poems are largely known of this characteristic. Amy Lowell wrote that he has reproduced both people and scenery with a vividness which is extraordinary (81). In all of his poems, the reader can have a concrete picture of the setting and the incidents, and from rich description, the author takes the reader to the world he is describing. He employed ordinary and insignificant details to enhance the accuracy of the presented event, and this made him stand out from his contemporaries. Robert Frost used synecdoche in his works. The journey implied in his poems The Road Not Taken and Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening represents the journey that each of us takes in the life. Moreover, he also used juxtaposition, irony, and satire that characterize modern literature as well. Juxtaposition is evident in his poem Mending Wall when comparing mending wall and not having walls. Irony is also depicted in The Road Not Taken when the narrator sigh[s] when remembering the choice he made. In Birches, the narrator presented irony when he wished to get away from earth which may not be granted soon. The vividness of his descriptions compelled Ezra Pound to say, I know more of farm life than I did before I had read his poems. That means I know more of 'Life (384). His statement only confirms of the unusual ability of Robert Frost to portray real life and real settings in his poems. Vicky Mahaffey also mentioned that modernist literature refuse[ed] to provide readers with clear interpretive cues, prompting their audience to remain responsible for the interpretations they construct. (66). Although Robert Froost used simple language and ordinary images and symbols, his works had deep and underlying meanings. The significance of the usual themes he revealed in his poems extended beyond its revealed meaning. Robert Frosts poem The Road Not Taken, which he characterized as a tricky poem, does not give the reader any resolution of the choice the narrator made. He gives the reader a plain statement that has made all the difference but does not give an indication whether the difference is for better or for worse. In his poem Mending Wall, Frost also used the same approach. He presented side by side the two different aspects of having walls and not. He gave the reader the rationale of both actions but left them to draw their own conclusions. He opened that poem with the line Something there is that doesn't love a wall and closed it with another statement which opposed the first: Good fences make good neighbors. Not a line in the body leaves an indication which of the two weighs heavier. He richly described the illustration and was able to give the reader a concrete image of both ideas in the poem therefore giving a fair understanding of both matters but left the reader to make his own choice. These few characteristics of modernist literature discussed above and portrayed in Frosts works only attests that his works may be classified as modernist writing. Moreover, his poetry represents the modern life of the modern man which he has integrated in symbolical terms. Most of his characters deal with frustration, sadness, regret, alienation, tiredness, and the likes which are reflective of the way of life of the people of his present time. This strongly proves that his works, in spite of traditional way of writing, focuses on the present life, the modern themes, the modern world, and the modern man, hence characterizing the modern literature. Although he describes nature in his poems, he comments on the modern mans nostalgia for going away from nature. It may be concluded, therefore, that Robert Frosts conception refered to modernist poetry. Although he employed some techniques of traditional poetry, his ideals and themes were from the modern world, and moreover, these traditional techniques were mere shadows because they were also transformed in some ways. Though he used rhymes, he used it irregularly; he did not conform to the strict meter, form, and ideals of traditional literature. Buy custom Is Robert Frost a Modernist essay

Behaviors leading to insomnia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Behaviors leading to insomnia - Essay Example Other symptoms that manifest because of this condition are waking up too early and suffering from fatigue upon waking up (Morin et. al., 2011). Insomnia often manifests itself as either primary insomnia or secondary insomnia. Primary insomnia refers to sleeplessness that is not caused by any underlying condition while secondary insomnia is caused by an underlying medical condition (Buysse, 2013). The various medical conditions that can cause insomnia include asthma, arthritis, cancer, pain or medication being ingested by a person (Jarin, Chen, Ivers & Morin, 2013). This condition also manifests in self, depending on its duration, as either acute or chronic. Acute insomnia lasts a shorter time, a few weeks, while chronic insomnia lasts longer. There are varied effects that arise because of insomnia. Most of the effects of insomnia affect the quality of life and performance of daily tasks (Sasa et. al., 2010). In rare cases, insomnia results in death and this type of insomnia is referred to as fatal familial insomnia. First, insomnia decreases the quality of life in the form of lack of alertness and poor memory during the day (Sasa et. al., 2010). People who suffer from insomnia are more irritable, make more mistakes and develop poor relationships with their colleagues and spouses (Calhoun et. al., 2014). Insomnia further affects the concentration and performance of the brain. Those who suffer from this condition often suffer from mental health conditions such as nervousness, irritability and fatigue (Watts, Coyle & East, 2011). The lack of sleep affects the concentration span and focus. The brain requires several hours of sleep for it to achieve optimum concentration to perform tasks. Insomnia compromises the brain’s ability to process information. The effects of insomnia are numerous and influence the lives of people significantly (Morin et.

Why we should learn English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Why we should learn English - Essay Example There are over four hundred million native English speakers worldwide and over five hundred million, opt for English as a foreign or second language. Although the percentage of people using English the world over is just about 15% of the world’s population, the importance of learning English stems from the fact that it has become the most useful lingua franca for people around the world. English is the main language of international business and diplomacy. It is considered the language of communication in international conferences, scientific and medical conclaves and the official language at world bodies like the United Nations. In today’s world of electronic communication and Information Technology, the use of English has assumed even greater importance. Most data processing is done in English as are satellite transmissions and telex messages. News and information available at the click of a mouse or on television is mostly in English, and Face book and Twitter are ot her examples of how exchange of ideas especially among today’s youth, is carried out in this universal language. Education is another field where the English language is very important. Top universities in the world use English as the medium of instruction. International students therefore need to learn the language in order to gain admissions to such world class learning centers.

Analize different leadership traits and styles in today's health care Essay

Analize different leadership traits and styles in today's health care organization and differentiate formal and informal power and leadership - Essay Example This paper will analyze the different leadership traits in the healthcare system, and the impact of political awareness on the success of healthcare facilities. One common trait among healthcare leaders today is business orientation. Leaders of private hospitals have realized that a hospital is a very serious business and the decisions made should be business oriented. Since business studies is not a core subject in medicine, healthcare leaders have to seek the appropriate advice and research on different business strategies. A popular trait in modern medicine is to combine healthcare leadership with non professional advisors who specialize in business. Successful healthcare leaders have a vision and implement strategies that help the hospital progress. They are specialists at analyzing current situations and finding ways to utilize them in setting realistic goals. Other traits that can be observed in today’s leaders include alertness to social environment and its changes, ambition, decisiveness, dominance, self confidence, tolerance to stress and persistence. In addition to these traits, healthcare leaders should also have certain skills in order to be more effective in their job. Skills that can be seen in successful healthcare leaders include creativity, persuasiveness, fluent speech, intelligence and excellent social skills. In modern times, leaders are also required to be technologically competent and make high level technology decisions. They also need to monitor diverse managing teams and facilitate for innovative thinking in the hospital premises. Though there are tense relations and very little collaboration between nurses and feminists, experts believe that organizations such as Women’s movement can be used for the improvement of nursing (‘Nursing and the Political Arena’, 2004). There are numerous organizations nurses can utilize to maintain awareness in politics. These

Inkwell Accounting Department Essay Example for Free

Inkwell Accounting Department Essay The Accounting Department 1. Inkwell has a small finance team. The accounting department is based in the head office of the company, which is located in Birmingham. There are 8 people in the finance team. Each member of the team has their own computer. The team has access to the internet using Firefox and two printers integrated to each computer. 2. Inkwell has one Financial Director, Anil Gupta. Anil’s main job is to manage the overall financial position of the business, ensuring capital investments and corporate strategy is properly dealt with. He has delegated the running of the accounts department to the company accountant. 3. Inkwell has one company accountant, Michael O’Payne who has been in charge of most financial affairs before Anil Gupta joined the company. The others in the financial team report to him. 4. The team consists of one accounts technician, one General Ledger and Inventory Clerk, one Accounts Payable Clerk, one Accounts Receivable Clerk, one Costing Technician and one Payroll and Personnel Database clerk. 5. The accounting department keep a close relationship with the shop staff. The main mode of communication is through email and phone calls, occasionally a member from the team will pay them an unexpected visit. The Accounting Department- Key Internal Stakeholders 1. Anil Gupta, Financial Director, has the overall responsibility for all finance, legal and accounting procedures and systems. He produces annual reports and statutory accounts. Alongside this he deals with financial issues such as banking and also legal issues, such as contacts. Anil has 30% of the company’s shares when joined the directors in 2008. 2. Michael O’Payne, the Company Accountant, has been in the company since the set up of the company. His main duties include running the day to day responsibility of the accounts department. He also produces monthly management accounts and approves payments to suppliers. After observing the company there is a low level of tension between him and Anil. However, Michael still needs to report to Anil, if he likes it or not. 3. Alex Fox, accounting technician, has the responsibility of making sure the accounting system is reviewed and recommend changes, along with other project work. She has to report to both Anil and Michael, however works more closely to Michael. 4. Michelle Labelle, General Ledger and Inventory Clerk, has the duties of maintaining the company’s cash book and keeping control on the company’s inventory. This requires Michelle to keep in close communication with the store managers. She too reports to Michael. 5. Liana Khan, Accounts payable Clerk, has the responsibility of entering all the suppliers’ invoices and credit notes on to the accounting system. She also has to ensure payments are arranged to suppliers. Liana also reports to Michael, her Father in Law. 6. Greg Morris, Accounts Receivable Clerk, has the duties of inputting all data received by customers, as well as credit control duties. These duties include sending out monthly statements to customer, working out discounts and chasing customers who have not paid in the time given. 7. Alan Cook, Costing Technician, has the responsibility of operating the costing system. This means Alan has to work closely with the Sales director in order to reach market prices. Alan uses Quickcost software to do his work and has been doing it for since the company started. He also monitors the cost and profitability of each cartridge on a monthly bases and advises management about variance targets. 8. Sharon Ward, Payroll and Personnel Clerk is responsible for the running of the payroll, both Weekly and monthly and also to make sure the personnel database is always up to date. Sharon uses Sage Payroll systems to process all her statutory forms.